Selected Dates in Islamic History |
|
Year CE |
Event |
| 527-565 | Reign of Justinian, Byzantine Emperor |
| 532-537 | Construction of Hagia Sophia (Church of the Holy Wisdom) in Constantinople |
| c570-580 | Birth of Muhammad |
| c610-620 | Muhammad's first visions and recitations |
| 622 | Flight from Mecca to Medina (Hijra), beginning of Islamic calendar |
| 630 | Muhammad's triumphant return to Mecca |
| 632 | Death of Muhammad |
| 632 | Abu Bakr becomes Caliph |
| 633-37 | Arab armies conquer Syria and Iraq |
| 634 | 'Umar becomes Caliph |
| 639-642 | Arab armies conquer Egypt |
| 644 | 'Uthman becomes Caliph |
| 656 | 'Ali, son-in-law of Muhammad, husband of Fatima, becomes Caliph |
| 661 | Assassination of 'Ali |
| 661-750 | Umayyad dynasty and empire |
| c670 | Construction of the Great Mosque at Qairouan in what is now Tunisia |
| 687-692 | Construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem |
| 706-715 | Construction of the Great mosque of Damascus |
| 732 | Islamic armies defeated at the battle of Tours in what is now France |
| 750 | Fall of Umayyads, beginning of 'Abbasid empire |
| 756 | Umayyad prince becomes Amir of Cordoba in what is now Spain |
| 762-763 | Development of the round city of Baghdad, 'Abbasid capital |
| mid 9th century | Construction of the Great Mosque at Samarra |
| 836-875 | Construction of the Great Mosque at Quairawan (Kairouan) |
| 1258 | Mongol conquest of Baghdad, formal end of the 'Abbasid caliphate |
| c1258-1324 | Osman I, founder of Ottoman dynasty and empire in what is now western Turkey |
| 1453 | Ottoman conquest of Constantinople, renamed Istanbul |
| 1378 | Construction of Green Mosque at Iznik |
| 1419 | Construction of Green Mosque at Bursa |
| c1489-1588 | Life of Sinan, Ottoman Imperial architect |
| 1520-1566 | Reign of Suleyman the Magnificent, Ottoman sultan |
| 1545-1548 | Construction of Sehzade mosque in Istanbul, designed by Sinan |
| 1550-1557 | Construction of the Suleymaniye, designed by Sinan |
| 1609-1616 | Construction of the Sultan Ahmed mosque (the Blue Mosque) in Istanbul |
| 1336-1405 | Life of Timur (Tamerlane), conqueror of south central Asia, founder of Timurid dynasty |
| 1434 | Construction finished for the Gur-i Amir, the tomb of Timur in Samarkand |
| 1502-1736 | Safavid dynasty of Iran |
| 1588-1629 | Reign of Shah 'Abbas I |
| 1612-1638 | Contruction of the Masjid-i-Shah or Shah Mosque in Isfahan |
| 1526 | Babur invades northern India, beginning of Mughal empire |
| 1556-1605 | Reign of Akbar, Mughal emperor |
| 1562-1571 | Construction of tomb of Humayun, father of Akbar |
| 1628-1658 | Reign of Shah Jahan, Mughal emperor |
| 1632 | Construction of the Taj Mahal begins. Completion requires over 20 years. |
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